Southern Machinery
Southern Machinery
SMT & THT PCB Assembly Automation for EMS Factories
SMT Axial / Radial /Tube /Label /Vibration feeder is compatible with the following pick-and-place equipment: Juki. YAMAHA. Fuji , Panasonic.Siemens, Universal , Samsung
shaoyong@smthelp.com
WhatsApp：+86 137 6048 1664
An Analysis of SMT Solder Paste Printing Defects
In SMT PCB production, solder paste printing is a critical step. Since the solder paste is used to directly form the soldering joint, the quality of solder paste printing affects the performance and reliability of the surface mount assembly. Quality solder paste printing guarantees a quality solder joint and final product. Statistics demonstrate that 60% to 90% of soldering defects are related to solder paste printing defects. So it is very important to understand what causes defects in solder paste printing.
ItemFactorsAnalysis1Solder PastePowder formationThe irregular shape of solder powder will easily clog stencil apertures. This will cause a big slump after printing. It can also cause solder ball and short bridge defects after reflow.
A spherical shape is best, especially for fine-pitch QFP printing.Particle SizeIf the particle size is too small, the results will be poor paste adhesion. It will have a high oxygen content and cause a solder ball after reflow.
The particle size should be controlled to about 25 ~ 45 μm in order to meet the requirements for fine-pitch QFP soldering, If the partical size desired is 25 to 30 μm, it should applied with less than 20 μm solder paste for an ultra fine-pitch IC.FluxFlux contains a thixotropic agent, which allows the solder paste to have pseudoplastic flow characteristics. Since the viscosity decreases when the paste passes through the stencil apertures, the paste can be applied to the PCB pads rapidly. When the external force stops, the viscosity will recover to ensure no deformation occurs.
The flux in the solder paste should be controlled to between 8 and 15 percent. A lower flux content will result in excess amount of solder paste applied. Conversely, a high flux content will result in an insufficient amount of solder applied.2StencilThicknessA stencil that is too thick will cause a solder bridge short.
A stencil that is too thin will cause an insufficient solder to be applied.Aperture sizeWhen the stencil aperature size is too big, a solder bridge short can occur.
When the stencil aperature size is too small, and insufficient solder paste will be applied.Aperture shapeIt is best to use a circular-shaped stencil aperture design. Its size should be slightly smaller than the PCB pad size, preventing a bridging defect during reflow.3Printing parametersBlade Angle Speed & PressureThe blade angle affects the vertical force applied on the solder paste. If the angle is too small, the solder paste will not be squeezed into the stencil apertures. The best blade angle should be set around 45 to 60 degrees.
A higher the printing speed means that less time will be spent in applying the solder paste through the stencil aperture surface. A higher printing speed will cause insufficient solder to be applied.
The speed should be controlled to around 20 ~ 40 mm/s.
When the blade pressure is too small, it will prevent the solder paste from being cleanly applied to the stencil.
When the blade pressure is too high, it will result in more paste leakage. The blade pressure is typically set at about 5N ~ 15N / 25mm.4Printing process controlPCB moistureIf the PCB moisture is too high, the water under the solder paste will quickly evaporate, causing the solder to splash and creating solder balls.
Dry the PCB if it was fabricated over 6 months ago. The recommended drying temperature is 125 degrees for 4 hours.Paste storageIf the solder paste is applied without a temperature recovery period, the water vapour in the surrounding environment will condense and penetrate the solder paste; this will cause the solder to splash.
Solder paste should be stored in a refrigerator at 0 to 5 degrees.Two to fours hours before use, place the paste in a normal temperature environment.
[pdf-embedder url="https://smthelp.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/SMT-Solder-Paste-printer-Squeegee-improving-solution.pdf" title="SMT Solder Paste printer Squeegee improving solution"]
An article to let you know the principle of PANASONIC-MV2V(C/F/B) component recognition.
Edited by ming Gan, please contact ming@smthelp.com for more information.
1 program composition
1) NC PROGRAM: Z-axis components are placed at X, Y positions at θ angle
2) PCB PROGRAM: substrate length, width, thickness and PIN spacing
3) ARRAY PROGRAM: Z specified components
4) PART LIBRARY: Component Information
5) MARK LIBRARY: tag information
2 NC PROGRAM
1) File name: P— [0-9, A-Z, +, -,.]
2) X, Y coordinates
3) Z No: ZA+ZB, K TYPE and Q TYPE, in single and double FEEDER at 8mm width
The difference between K TYPE and Q TYPE: * PIN, no PIN
* PITCH: K-21.5mm Q-20mm
* ORG: FULL is 1, K-Z1, Q-Z2 when HALF
FEEDER: HALF must be used when mixing single and double
Z No: Single input K TYPE: Product number, Q TYPE: Even
4) θ angle: θ1, θ2 two, θ3 origin return
Θ1:0° 90° 180° 270°
Θ2: [set angle – θ1] + correction angle Reverse time is –
5) S&R: STEP REPEAT, PATTERN REPEAT
On time is +
6) NO MOUNTING: 0-normal patch, 1-non-patch
7) SKIP BLOCK: 0 – unconditional execution, 1 to 9 – conditional jump, 7 – unconditional jump
8) MARK: 0 – no MARK, 1 – individual MARK, 2-PCB MARK, 3-PATTERN MARK
9) LAND TEACHING: 0-NO, 1-LAND TEACHING [Recommended for the second leg of each side]
10) BAD MARK: 0-NO, 1-BAD MARK [SENSOR] 2-BAD MARK [PCB CAMERA]
11) PROGRAM OFFSET: X=, Y=, move the first point of the patch to the camera center
The machine automatically finds PROGRAM OFFSET
12) Z ORG is normally 1 and Z No can be set
* NC PROGRAM sequence
S&R->BAD MARK->MARK/PROGRAM->ROGRAM OFFSET->MARK
3 ARRAY PROGRAM
1) File name: P— [0-9, A-Z, +, -,.]
2) Z No: Fixed cannot be changed
3) SHAPE CODE: shape coding [machine]
4) PARTS NAME: component name [person]
5) VACUUM OFFSET: NOZZLE↑ +, NOZZLE↓ – [-3～3mm]
6) MASTER Z No.: master, slave Z axis
4 PCB PROGRAM
1) File name: P— [0-9, A-Z, +, -,.]
2) X: PCB length
3) Y: PCB width
4) T: PCB thickness [NO USED]
5) Whether the PIN is used: 0-not used, 1-automatic adjustment
6) Hole spacing: X-10
7) Conveyor speed: 1[H]~8[L] speed, X, Y table speed when fully automatic control
5 MARK LIBRARY
1) SHAPE CODE: shape coding, —
X, Y: MARK size
PCB material: 0-copper foil, 1-solder
PATTERN: shape
TYPE: 0-shade, 1-binarization
6 PARTS LIBRARY
1) Shape coding: SHAPE CODE [—, 0-9, A-Z, +, -,.]
2) Component type CLASS: 1 to 99 [1 to 19 transmission recognition, 20 to 99 reflection recognition]
Reflection recognition: blue light is absorbed on the orange reflector, and the surface of the component is reflected [Figure A]
By recognizing: the white light of the halogen lamp shines on the orange reflector, and the reflector reflects the light.
Depending on the component, the edge of the component is reflected to the camera [Figure B]
* High reflection recognition accuracy, high passability through recognition, LED off when used
* For identification θ: CHIP angular deviation > 35° NG, QFP angular deviation > 25° NG
TYPE: For component color, normal condition is 1 [black best]
3) SHUTTER [Shutter]: 0-on, 1-in [Generally open]
Closed left and right to ensure component identification [Figure D]
4) Component dimensions SIZE: up, down, left, right
Hand-drawn tape to see the reverse side of the component is the same as the camera [Figure C]
5) Component thickness THICKNESS: T-component body thickness
6) Thickness tolerance TOL: T<1 is 20% T≥1 is 15%
7) HEAD SPEED: 1[H]~8[L] X, Y TABLE SPEED: 1[H]~8[L]
8) NOZZLE SELECT: 1~5
9) CAMERA: 0-S, 1-L
10) Component feed direction FEED DIRECTION: 0 to 7, 45° interval
11) Packing method: 0-PAPER [including 32mmPEELING] 1-EMBOSS 2-BULK
12) PUSHPIN: 0-NO USE 1-USE only for 8mm bandwidth
13) Number of feeds FEED COUNT: 1~4 spacing 12mm
14) Auxiliary feed: NO USE
15) Component error correction RECOVERY: 0-NO, 1-YES, 2- large parts are sucking
16) CHIP STAND: 0-NO, 1-YES
[Components stand up, thickness sensor is detected, LINE SENSOR application]
17) VACUUM OFFSET: absorbing, for components [-3mm~+3mm]
18) LEAD OUT SIZE: Up/Down Left/Right
19) LEAD PITCH: leg spacing
20) LEAD PITCH TOL: tube leg tolerance
21) LEAD COUNT: Up/Down Left/Right Legs
22) Electrode part ELECTROD: The length direction of the element is the length direction of the electrode [Fig. E]
The width direction of the component is the width direction of the electrode
23) CUT LEAD: cut tube legs SIDE: 1~4, there are cut legs on the side
COUNT: Cut off: POSTION: Position [Figure F]
1,Please visit : smthelp.org/
2, Find us more: https://www.facebook.com/autoinsertion
3, Know more our team: https://www.linkedin.com/in/specialist/
4, Welcome to our factory in Shenzhen China
5, See more video in Youtube: Auto+Insertion
4, Looking for more informations: ming@smthelp.com
5.Wechat/Whatsapp/skype:+86 18126316729
How to choose a laser marking machine?
At present, laser marking machine is suitable for most materials produced in various industries, so it is widely used in a variety of materials, such as metals, glass, ceramics, plastics, leather, etc. can be permanently marked with high quality. There is no force on the workpiece surface, no mechanical deformation and no corrosion on the material surface. So how to choose a laser marking machine? Let’s discuss something today.
1，The quality of laser: As laser is the crucial part of the whole machine, its quality determines the machine’s quality. In general, the imported laser will be better, its beam quality is good, the electro-optic conversion rate is high, and the domestic laser is slightly inferior, but the homemade laser can also meet the needs of any industry.So if you have a limited budget,then the homemade laser is a good choice.
Off-line laser marking machine (4)
2. The cooling device.The cooling equipment of machine can be judged from the following aspects:
(1) What’s the cooling water velocity? (If the speed of cooling water is fast, the heat dissipation will fast as well)
(2) Whether the water pipe of the cooling system leaks, if dew, will also affect the power of the laser.
3. The quality of laser lens. The better laser lens, the more reflected laser beam, and the smaller the laser loss, which is conducive to increasing the electro-optic conversion rate of laser marking machine.
There are two kinds of lenses: the imported one and homemade one, the homemade also divided into imported materials and homemade materials.
The service life and use effect will being effected by its price .
Off-line laser
4. Laser operating software. You need to confirm whether the software is original genuine development, pirated software will often appear light leakage, power consumption, performance instability, short service life, high maintenance costs.
5. After-sales service. You need to acknowledge if the supplier can offer this service like deliver, training, debugging and so on.
Off-line laser and computer
Conclusion:
Laser marking machine has 3 main parts: laser, galvanometer and laser software.
There are many types of laser marking machines. First of all, you should make clear the scope of production, processing materials and processing capacity of our enterprises, and then determine the type and quantity of equipment to be purchased.
Auto-Laser marking machine
Ad:
Pneumatic stencil cleaner: —No need electronic power, no fire and detonate caused; Simple operation, only Start, Stop and Reset, that is all;, Protecting Environmental, water recycle ;Lower consumption .
https://smthelp.org/product/stencil-cleaner-machine/
How to clean up SMT stencil to improve PCBA quality for EMS
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Working Principle of PCB Cleaning MachineWhen the PCB board goes through the machine, it brushes off the surface dust and particles and sucks the dust away through the suction device |
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Necessity of Using PCB Cleaning MachineOur independent research and development of PCB surface cleaning machine, before the solder paste printing, the printed circuit board surface dust, glass fiber and surface stains and other clean, the PCB surface has been sticking 0402 or 0201 components can also be carried out clean. |
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Depth analysis: What are the factors that affect the thickness of SMT press solder paste printing?
In the solder paste printing machine, sometimes the printed solder paste is very thin, which causes the product to fall off due to too little solder paste after the furnace is finished. So how is this phenomenon caused? Below I will analyze some specific reasons for everyone.
First, the quality of the steel plate — stencil printing is contact printing, so the stencil thickness and opening size determine the amount of solder paste printing, too much solder paste will produce bridging, too little solder paste will occur solder deficiency or solder joint, template The shape of the opening and the smoothness of the opening also affect the quality of the release. The template opening must have the bell mouth down, otherwise the solder paste will be taken from the chamfered corner of the bell when the mold is released. DEK accessories
Second, the printing process parameters — solder paste is a thixotropic fluid, with viscosity, when the scraper moves forward at a certain speed and angle, push the solder paste to roll in front of the scraper, the need to inject solder paste into the mesh or leak hole The pressure, the viscous friction of the solder paste causes the solder paste to shear at the intersection of the squeegee and the stencil, and the shear force reduces the viscosity of the solder paste, which facilitates the smooth injection of the solder paste into the mesh. There is a certain constraint between the speed of the blade, the pressure of the blade, the angle of the blade and the stencil, and the viscosity of the solder paste. Therefore, only by properly controlling these parameters can the printing quality of the solder paste be ensured.
sp-1008-automatic-screen-printer-for-smt-pcb-assembly
Semi-Auto Screen Printer SP-1200 for 1.2M LED assembly.
Semi-Auto Screen Printer SP-1200 for 1.2M LED assembly.
Third, contact printing blade pressure:
1 blade pressure 10~20 depends on the size of the press or template installation;
2 The blade pressure should be sufficient to scrape the template;
3 The blade pressure is too high, which may result in:
- Speed up the wear of the template;
2, printing causes solder paste pattern adhesion;
- The solder paste is hollow;
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The solder paste is pressed out from the reverse side of the template to cause the solder ball.
Fourth, the contact printing blade speed:
1 fine pitch (12-20mil0.5-1.5 inches / sec (13-38mm /
2 custom pitch (20-50mil1.5-4.5 inches / sec (38-115mm /
3 solder paste viscosity will have a certain impact on the speed of the scraper
4 reduce the speed of the blade will increase the thickness of the solder paste printing
5 template thickness increases, scraper speed should be reduced accordingly
6 printing too fast is easy to cause insufficient solder paste
1,Please visit : smthelp.org/
2, Find us more: https://www.facebook.com/autoinsertion
3, Know more our team: https://www.linkedin.com/in/specialist/
4, Welcome to our factory in Shenzhen China
5, See more video in Youtube: Auto+Insertion
4, Looking for more informations: ming@smthelp.com
5.Wechat/Whatsapp/skype:+86 18126316729
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Description Overview：
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| Read More | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Working Principle of PCB Cleaning MachineWhen the PCB board goes through the machine, it brushes off the surface dust and particles and sucks the dust away through the suction device |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Necessity of Using PCB Cleaning MachineOur independent research and development of PCB surface cleaning machine, before the solder paste printing, the printed circuit board surface dust, glass fiber and surface stains and other clean, the PCB surface has been sticking 0402 or 0201 components can also be carried out clean. |
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